| Heat source | A purpose-built gas burner uses natural gas or propane to create heat inside the oven. The oven must be designed and configured for the specific fuel type. | The burner supplies heat without requiring a wood fire, while the cooking chamber and masonry provide the oven’s thermal environment. |
| Brick and refractory mass | The refractory floor and dome absorb heat and release it gradually. Their performance depends on materials, thickness, insulation, and oven design. | Stored heat helps maintain cooking temperatures and reduces rapid temperature changes when food is added. |
| Radiant heat | The heated dome and oven walls radiate energy toward the food. | Radiant heat cooks the top and sides, helping brown toppings and crust surfaces. |
| Conduction | Food placed directly on the hot oven floor receives heat through contact. | Conduction cooks and browns the underside of items such as pizza and flatbread. A floor that is too hot can scorch the base. |
| Convection | Hot gases circulate through the cooking chamber, with their movement influenced by the burner and oven design. | Moving hot air contributes to cooking around the food. The amount and pattern of circulation vary between ovens. |
| Temperature control | Burner output can typically be adjusted, but controls and temperature response differ by oven model. | Allow time for the masonry to heat through; changing the flame does not instantly change the temperature of the brick floor or dome. |
| High-heat pizza cooking | Some gas-fired masonry ovens are designed for pizza cooking at roughly 370–480°C (700–900°F). Actual operating temperatures vary by oven and cooking method. | Use the oven maker’s guidance and check floor and chamber temperatures with suitable instruments. These figures are indicative, not universal settings. |
| Cooking results | Food receives heat from the hot floor, radiant masonry, and circulating hot gases at the same time. | Cooking time and browning depend on temperature, food thickness, placement, burner setting, and how fully the oven has been preheated. |